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Category: 4D flow MRI

All writing General 4D flow MRI Pulse wave velocity Reference value Advanced X-ray Imaging Water & Resource Recovery

Doppler-gated fetal 4D flow MRI pathlines entering the right atrium, crossing the foramen ovale, and continuing toward the aorta

Sep 30, 2026

Before the First Breath: Following Fetal Blood Flow with 4D Flow MRI

Before a baby takes its first breath, blood already has a route around the lungs. The placenta supplies oxygen, and the foramen ovale, a normal opening between the atria, allows part of…

Mitral valve vortex ring in red and vertical vortex core in blue, with particle traces and velocity vectors from 4D flow MRI. Park et al. 2026 Figure 6, CC BY.

Sep 30, 2026

4D Flow MRI after Myocardial Infarction: Following Two Pigs across 10 Time Points

Ten MRI sessions per animal tracked post-MI remodeling over 11 weeks, revealing changing filling-flow orientation alongside relatively preserved vorticity in two pigs.

Full Figure 1 comparing conventional and compressed sensing 4D flow MRI TKE maps, streamlines, and quantitative analyses in a healthy participant and an aortic stenosis patient

Sep 29, 2026

Compressed Sensing 4D Flow MRI for Turbulent Kinetic Energy in Aortic Stenosis

Compare compressed sensing and conventional 4D flow MRI for turbulent kinetic energy in aortic stenosis, including scan time and regional differences.

Sep 29, 2026

Portal Vein 4D Flow MRI: Vorticity and High-Risk Esophageal Varices

Explore portal venous vorticity and high-risk esophageal varices in our 104-patient 4D flow MRI study of cirrhosis, with methods and key results.

Figure 1 from Park et al., showing mitral valve tracking and left ventricular flow and vorticity analysis using 4D flow CMR.

Sep 28, 2026

4D Flow MRI in Type 2 Diabetes: The E/A Vorticity Ratio

Our study explores E/A vorticity in type 2 diabetes, associations with echocardiographic diastolic indices, and complementary 4D flow MRI measurements.